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Makes perfect sense
The Mental Health Risks of Adolescent Cannabis Use
Wayne Hall
Citation: Hall W (2006) The Mental Health Risks of Adolescent Cannabis Use. PLoS Med 3(2): e39 doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030039
Published: January 24, 2006
Copyright: © 2006 Wayne Hall. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Wayne Hall is Professor of Public Health Policy at the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia. E-mail: w.hall@sph.uq.edu.au
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Since the early 1970s, when cannabis first began to be widely used [1], the proportion of young people who have used cannabis has steeply increased and the age of first use has declined [2,3]. Most cannabis users now start in the mid-to-late teens [1], an important period of psychosocial transition when misadventures can have large adverse effects on a young person's life chances.
Dependence is an underappreciated risk of cannabis use [1]. There has been an increase in the numbers of adults requesting help to stop using cannabis in many developed countries, including Australia [4] and the Netherlands [1,5]. Regular cannabis users develop tolerance to many of the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol [6–8], and those seeking help to stop often report withdrawal symptoms [9–11]. Withdrawal symptoms have been reported by 80% of male and 60% of female adolescents seeking treatment for cannabis dependence [12,13].
In epidemiological studies in the early 1980s [14] and 1990s [15], it was found that 4% of the United States population had met diagnostic criteria for cannabis abuse or dependence at some time in their lives. Surveys in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand have produced similar estimates [16–19]. About one in ten of those who use cannabis meet criteria for dependence [15], but this risk is much higher for daily users and persons who start using at an early age [20,21]. Only a minority of cannabis-dependent people in surveys report seeking treatment (Chapter 7 of [1]), but among those who do, fewer than half succeed in remaining abstinent for as long as a year [9,10,22].
Scientific drawing of Cannabis sativa, circa 1900
Those who use cannabis more often than weekly in adolescence are more likely to develop dependence, use other illicit drugs, and develop psychotic symptoms and psychosis [1]. Establishing whether cannabis use is a contributory cause of these outcomes [1] requires two things: (1) longitudinal research on the effects that cannabis use in adolescence has on psychosocial outcomes in young adulthood [23], and (2) statistical methods to control for the fact that young people who regularly use cannabis differ from their peers who do not in ways that increase regular cannabis users' risk of these adverse psychosocial outcomes [1,23].14-H
"That is NOT why people hate me." - 14-H.
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That was too normal for skiing today
That's just a standard steep run, nothing out of the ordinary on film today.
Only in Europe, only in Europe. Check THIS out!
http://youtube.com/watch?v=jx2R9--2QeI
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I agree...
Look at the flip side, we'll turn 180 degrees at 65 MPH (+/-) while on our knees with eleven other knuckleheads trying to be exactly where we are at the same time in a boat made of 1/4" plywood, and we pay to do this! And we think this dude is nuts! What a crazy world... At the end of that video it shows him just standing on that peak scoping out his run, I'd need a new pair of trunks just standing there, let alone the ride down!!! GLFuture J dad!
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Record Jump
Jamie Pierre sets a new record cliff jump at 245 FEET
http://youtube.com/watch?v=G0SDQcm0V...elated&search=
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Originally posted by 14-H View PostThe Mental Health Risks of Adolescent Cannabis Use
Wayne Hall
Citation: Hall W (2006) The Mental Health Risks of Adolescent Cannabis Use. PLoS Med 3(2): e39 doi:10.1371/journal.pmed.0030039
Published: January 24, 2006
Copyright: © 2006 Wayne Hall. This is an open-access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License, which permits unrestricted use, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original author and source are credited.
Wayne Hall is Professor of Public Health Policy at the School of Population Health, University of Queensland, Herston, Australia. E-mail: w.hall@sph.uq.edu.au
--------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Since the early 1970s, when cannabis first began to be widely used [1], the proportion of young people who have used cannabis has steeply increased and the age of first use has declined [2,3]. Most cannabis users now start in the mid-to-late teens [1], an important period of psychosocial transition when misadventures can have large adverse effects on a young person's life chances.
Dependence is an underappreciated risk of cannabis use [1]. There has been an increase in the numbers of adults requesting help to stop using cannabis in many developed countries, including Australia [4] and the Netherlands [1,5]. Regular cannabis users develop tolerance to many of the effects of delta-9-tetrahydrocannabinol [6–8], and those seeking help to stop often report withdrawal symptoms [9–11]. Withdrawal symptoms have been reported by 80% of male and 60% of female adolescents seeking treatment for cannabis dependence [12,13].
In epidemiological studies in the early 1980s [14] and 1990s [15], it was found that 4% of the United States population had met diagnostic criteria for cannabis abuse or dependence at some time in their lives. Surveys in Australia, Canada, and New Zealand have produced similar estimates [16–19]. About one in ten of those who use cannabis meet criteria for dependence [15], but this risk is much higher for daily users and persons who start using at an early age [20,21]. Only a minority of cannabis-dependent people in surveys report seeking treatment (Chapter 7 of [1]), but among those who do, fewer than half succeed in remaining abstinent for as long as a year [9,10,22].
Scientific drawing of Cannabis sativa, circa 1900
Those who use cannabis more often than weekly in adolescence are more likely to develop dependence, use other illicit drugs, and develop psychotic symptoms and psychosis [1]. Establishing whether cannabis use is a contributory cause of these outcomes [1] requires two things: (1) longitudinal research on the effects that cannabis use in adolescence has on psychosocial outcomes in young adulthood [23], and (2) statistical methods to control for the fact that young people who regularly use cannabis differ from their peers who do not in ways that increase regular cannabis users' risk of these adverse psychosocial outcomes [1,23].
Aren't you stereotyping Ed? You're starting to sound like ryan 4z, sounding off without knowing all the facts Did you recently have a problem case that involved marijuana? Can't see why cannabis is relevant to your claim that it makes sense for someone to be able to ski or snowboard at a professional level, yes these guys get paid good coin for skiing/snowboarding lines like that!
Believe it or not, I'm more passionate about skiing than boat racing.
If you think these guys are stoned when they go big on a line that's a "you fall you die" line, then you're drunk!
Guys and gals have been hitting insane lines and making first descents, like the one shown, in Alaska and Canada for at least 10 years now,and much longer in Europe.
PS Ed, alcohol causes more financial, psychological and physical damage (and deaths) than ALL illegal drugs combined! Mainly because so many people abuse alcohol compared to illegal drugs. And yes alcohol IS a drug. Here's a couple of quotes and links for you to chew on, and learn some new facts.
No I'm not promoting marijuana use, just defending skiing. Snowboarders...well they're all a bunch of knuckle draggin' stoners , oops, now I'm stereotyping, BAD Mike.
"The major difference worth noting is that it isn't possible to overdose on marijuana, while lots of alcohol in a brief period of time can lead to alcohol poisoning, an emergency medical condition that can be fatal. "
"Alcohol and marijuana are two drugs commonly used and abused in the United States. Alcohol is the number one abused drug, while marijuana is number one among illegal drugs. While alcohol remains legal, and marijuana illegal, this does not necessarily mean that alcohol is better for you. There have been many arguments where people suggest that marijuana should be legal because alcohol is more deadly. On the other hand, there are alcoholics who would tell a pothead that smoking weed is bad for you. Both substances are very bad for your health and should not be heavily used by anyone"
http://www.alcoholicsvictorious.org/faq/impact.html
http://www.drugtext.org/sub/marmyt1.html
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Originally posted by 14-H View PostThe Mental Health Risks of Adolescent Cannabis UseSince the early 1970s, when cannabis first began to be widely used [1], the proportion of young people who have used cannabis has steeply increased.
Skiing stoned?
http://youtube.com/watch?v=dFjsO5EeGJc
This guy get's going too fast and wipes out!
http://youtube.com/watch?v=hM3jzlyNIpc
On a lighter note: Here's a hilarious boat race prank!
http://youtube.com/watch?v=7Xc3Vx-mgPE
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Originally posted by L. Allen View PostDon't know about you, but after reading Ed's post I AM STARVING.Ryan Runne
9-H
Wacusee Speedboats
ryan.runne.4@gmail.com
"Imagination is more important than knowledge"--Albert Einstein
These days, I find it easier to look up to my youngers than my elders.
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Hilarious
Laurie: Your first post on this thread had me laughing for 15 minutes. >>> I'm still laughing when I re-read it.
Mike: You need to lighten up. First the B&S motor and now the Mary Jane comments. Jeez! Ed.
Add: Did you actually view Phil's video? I haven't heard the word "knarley" since I last watched Fast Times at Ridgemont High (about 16 years ago).
Note to self: Watch old Sean Penn movies next.Last edited by 14-H; 03-27-2007, 08:19 PM.14-H
"That is NOT why people hate me." - 14-H.
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